Polne i uzrasne specifičnosti slike o sebi adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalne zaštite

Abstract

Osnovni cilj istraživanja je sagledavanje specifičnosti polnih i uzrasnih razlikau pogledu slike o sebi kod adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalnezaštite, u odnosu na adolescente iz opšte populacije. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno47 adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalne zaštite i 271 adolescentiz opšte populacije, uzrasta 14-18 godina, oba pola. Za procenu slike o sebiprimenjena je Pirs-Harisova skala self-koncepta za decu. Rezultati ukazuju dakod adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalne zaštite ne postoje statističkiznačajne polne razlike u skorovima, dok su u poduzorku adolescenataiz opšte populacije zabeležene statistički značajne polne razlike u skorovimana podskalama Prilagođenost ponašanja (t = -2,11; df = 266,15; p < 0,05),Oslobođenost od anksioznosti (t = 5,89; df = 248,37; p < 0,01), Popularnost(t = 2,00; df = 269; p < 0,05), kao i na Ukupnom skoru (t = 2,36; df = 269; p <0,05). U poduzorku adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalne zaštitenije evidentirana statistički značajna povezanost uzrasta ispitanika i skorovana datom instrumentu, dok je kod adolescenata iz opšte populacije registrovanastatistički značajna povezanost uzrasta ispitanika i skorova na podskalamaIntelektualni i školski status (r = -0,15; p < 0,05) i Sreća i zadovoljstvo (r =-0,15; p < 0,05), kao i na Ukupnom skoru (r = -0,15; p < 0,05). Dobijeni nalaziupućuju na izvesna odstupanja u polnim i uzrasnim razlikama u pogledu slikeo sebi kod adolescenata na smeštaju u ustanovama socijalne zaštite, što semože pripisati delovanju različitih nepovoljnih faktora, karakterističnih za ovupopulaciju.

The main goal of the research was to observe sex and age differences in the selfimageof adolescents from residential care facilities, compared to adolescents from generalpopulation. The sample included 47 adolescents from residential care facilities and 271adolescents from general population, ages 14-18, of both sexes. The Piers-Harris Children’sSelf-Concept Scale was used for the assessment of self-image. The results show that there were no statistically significant sex differences in adolescents from residential care facilities,while in the subsample of adolescents from general population, statistically significant sexdifferences were observed in the scores on the subscales: Behavior Adjustment (t = -2.11; df= 266.15; p < 0.05), Freedom from Anxiety (t = 5.89; df = 248.37; p < 0.01), Popularity (t = 2;df = 269; p < 0.05) as well as in the Total score (t = 2.36; df = 269; p < 0.05). In the subsampleof adolescents from residential care facilities there was no statistically significant correlationbetween the age of the respondents and the scores on the instrument, while in adolescentsfrom general population a statistically significant relation was determined between therespondents’ age and the scores on the subscales Intellectual and School Status (r = -0.15; p < 0.05) and Happiness and Satisfaction (r = -0.15; p < 0.05), as well as in the Total Score(r = -0.15; p < 0.05). The obtained findings point to deviations in sex and age differences inthe self-image of adolescents from residential care facilities, which can be attributed to theactivity of various adverse factors, characteristic of this population.