Family education in the works of Serbian pedagogues towards the end of XIX and at the beginning of the XX centuries

Abstract

This report presents a number of characteristic concepts of family and family education towards the end of XIX and at the beginning of XX centuries, obtained on the basis of an analysis of pedagogical documentation. The aim was to explain them in an objective and unbiased way. We analyzed the works of some of our famous pedagogues: Vojislav Rakić, Sreten Adžić, Jovan Miodragović, Vićentije Rakić and Vojislav Mladenović. As these pedagogues follow different tends in pedagogy, they differ in defining the objective of education. Thus Bakić writes on the forming of moral charter within the family, Miodragović deals with the bringing up o complete personality, Adžić is concerned with bringing the developments of body and soul into harmony. Rakić pleads for directing the young towards ideals and Mladenović is interested in how an individual becomes part of the community. Regardless of the differences in their teaching, however, they all pay a great deal of attention to the family which they define as the primary and elementary form of social life and an inevitable factor in the process education of children. They all agree in determining the concept and boundaries of education, as well as in stressing a powerful influence of the family in communicating and teaching social, moral and other values of the society one lives in.

U ovom radu izdvojena su karakteristična shvatanja o porodici i porodičnom vaspitanju, s kraja XIX i početka XX veka, s ciljem da se ona objektivno i nepristrasno prikažu. Za analizu su odabrana dela naših poznatih pedagoga Vojislava Bakića, Sretena Adžića, Jovana Miodragovića, Vićentija Rakića i Vojislava Mladenovića. S obzirom da su pomenuti pedagozi pripadali različitim pedagoškim pravcima, do razmimoilaženja u njihovim shvatanjima dolazi prilikom određenja cilja vaspitanja. Tako, Bakić piše o formiranju moralnog karaktera u porodici, Miodragović o vaspitanju celovite ličnosti Adžić o harmoničnom razvitku tela i duše, Rakić o usmeravanju narodnog podmlatka prema idealima, a Mladenović o uvršćivanju pojedinca u zajednicu. No, bez obzira na razlike u shvatanjima, svi su oni poklanjali veliku pažnju porodici koja je po njima prvi i osnovni oblik socijalnog života i nezamenljiv faktor u procesu vaspitanja dece. Slaganja u shvatanjima postoje u odredbi pojma i granica vaspitanja, kao i u isticanju moćnog uticaja porodice u posredovanju i prenošenju društvenih, moralnih i drugih vrednosti društva u kome se živi.