How pupils percieve the teacher's motivational techniques?

Abstract

Current research in the field of education indicates that the behaviour of the teacher affects significantly the quality and level of the pupil's motivation. The aim of our research was to determine the structure of the motivational style of teachers seen from the pupils' perspective, and to find out whether the pupils' perceptions of the teacher's motivational style depend upon cultural-educational influences of the family, and some characteristics of the students (academic achievements, gender). The sample included 856 pupils from 40 elementary schools in Serbia. We used the questionnaire with Likert's scale to obtain the evaluation of the teachers' behaviours. By the factor analysis we extracted three components of the teacher' behaviour: stimulating pupils' interest and competences, de-motivational teachers' behaviours and stimulating freedom of thinking and expression. The results show that the pupils whose parents have lower levels of education think that the behaviour of the teachers is directed to stimulating interest and competencies, as well as freedom of thinking and speech than the pupils of the parents of higher educational status. The control of the influence of the education of parents showed that the pupils of lower academic achievement perceive the teacher's behaviour as de-motivational. Compared to girls boys estimate more highly that teachers stimulate their interests and competencies. A suggestion is offered how a teacher should develop a behavioural style which would positively influence the quality of the pupils' motivation.

Savremena istraživanja u oblasti obrazovanja pokazuju da ponašanje nastavnika umnogome određuje kvalitet i nivo učeničke motivacije. Cilj ovog rada je bio da ispitamo kakva je struktura motivacionog stila nastavnika iz perspektive učenika, kao i to da li su učeničke percepcije motivacionog stila nastavnika uslovljene kulturno-obrazovnim uticajima porodice i nekim karakteristikama učenika kao što su školsko postignuće i pol. Uzorak je činilo 856 učenika iz 40 osnovnih škola u Srbiji. Primenjen je upitnik za procenu ponašanja nastavnika sa Likertovim formatom odgovora. Faktorskom analizom su ekstrahovane tri komponente nastavničkog ponašanja: podsticanje interesovanja i kompetencija učenika, demotivacioni postupci nastavnika i podsticanje slobode mišljenja i izražavanja. Nalazi pokazuju da učenici roditelja koji imaju nižu stručnu spremu opažaju ponašanje nastavnika kao podsticajnije za interesovanja, kompetencije i slobodu mišljenja i izražavanja nego učenici roditelja višeg obrazovnog statusa. Kontrolom uticaja stručne spreme roditelja, učenici nižeg školskog postignuća češće opažaju ponašanje nastavnika kao demotivišuće. Dečaci u poređenju sa devojčicama procenjuju da nastavnici u većoj meri podstiču njihova interesovanja i kompetencije. Sugeriše se na koji način bi nastavnik trebalo da razvija stil ponašanja koji pozitivno utiče na kvalitet učeničke motivacije.