Lexical development of preschool children

Abstract

Globally, researches indicate that the quality of lexical development of preschool children is important for acquiring reading and writing skills, while wide vocabulary and its structure affect reading comprehension directly. In our country there have been almost no researches on the impact of the development of lexical level of preschool children on the success of acquiring reading and writing skills at later school levels. This paper is going to present a part of the results of the first phase of a longitudinal study, which aims to study lexical development of preschool children. The sample was representative and it included preschool children (N = 65). The assessment of lexical development in terms of the ability to understand the meaning of words, was performed by using X subtest Adopted linguistic treasure Acadia test of developmental capabilities. The finding syndicate above average lexical development of these children, and that girls were more successful in solving items of the subtest. The data will be correlated with their success of acquiring reading and writing skills in the first and second grade of primary school, which would offer the possibility of determining the predictive power of this construct on the success of reading and writing skills.

Nalazi istraživanja u svetu ukazuju da je kvalitet leksičke razvijenosti na predškolskom uzrastu značajan za usvajanje veština čitanja i pisanja, a bogatstvo i struktura rečnika direktno utiču na razumevanje pročitanog. U našoj sredini gotovo da nema istraživanja koja su se bavila proučavanjem uticaja razvijenosti leksičkog nivoa dece na predškolskom uzrastu na uspeh u usvajanju veština čitanja i pisanja na kasnijem školskom uzrastu. U ovom radu će biti prezentovan deo rezultata prve faze longitudinalne studije, čiji je cilj istraživanje leksičke razvijenosti dece predškolskog uzrasta. Uzorak je prigodnog tipa i obuhvatio je decu predškolskog uzrasta (N=65). Procena leksičke razvijenosti s aspekta sposobnosti razumevanja značenja reči obavljena je primenom X suptesta Usvojeno jezičko blago AKADIA testa razvojnih sposobnosti. Dobijeni nalazi ukazuju na iznadprosečnu leksičku razvijenost ispitivane dece, ali i to da su devojčice bile uspešnije u rešavanju ajtema ovog suptesta. Dobijeni podaci će biti korelirani sa uspehom u usvajanju čitanja i pisanja ove dece u prvom i drugom razredu osnovne škole, čime se pruža mogućnost utvrđivanja prediktivne moći ovog konstrukta na uspeh u usvajanju čitanja i pisanja.